It depends on which watershed you are talking about. If it's the Bull Run Water shed the answer is yes. That area has long been off limits and has always been patrolled. Since the events of 9-11-2001 the security up there has been increased. It's a federal crime to trespass in the Bull Run. Afew years back they increased the size of the watershed up in the Homestead area. Lots of local folks used to hunt elk in that area, but now it's off limits. They are trying to protect the Portlands water supply.
Now east of hwy 35 just off road 44 is the Dalles watershed. In years past we used to do a couple of things up there, hunt and get fire wood. I don't know if thing have changed up there but in the past it was open to the public.